Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody medication that is used to treat a variety of medical conditions, primarily those related to the immune system and certain types of cancers. It is known by brand names such as Rituxan. Here are some key points about rituximab:

1. Mechanism of Action: Rituximab works by targeting and binding to a specific protein called CD20 found on the surface of B-lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. By binding to CD20, rituximab helps to destroy these B cells, leading to a reduction in the number of these cells in the body. This can be beneficial in treating conditions where B cells play a role, such as autoimmune diseases and certain cancers.
2. Indications: Rituximab is used for various medical conditions, including:
   • Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Rituximab is often used in combination with chemotherapy to treat certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, particularly those involving B-cell lymphomas.
   • Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): It is used to treat CLL, a type of cancer affecting white blood cells.
   • Rheumatoid Arthritis: Rituximab is also used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis when other therapies have not been effective.
   • Autoimmune Diseases: It is prescribed for some autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).
3. Administration: Rituximab is typically administered through intravenous (IV) infusion. The specific dosing and frequency depend on the medical condition being treated and the individual patient’s needs.
4. Side Effects: Common side effects of rituximab may include fever, chills, headache, fatigue, and reactions at the infusion site. Serious side effects can include severe infections, reactivation of hepatitis B, and a potential risk of developing other malignancies.
5. Contraindications: Rituximab is generally not recommended for individuals with certain medical conditions, such as active severe infections. It should be used with caution in individuals with a history of certain infections.
6. Pregnancy and Lactation: The safety of rituximab during pregnancy is not well established, and it is generally not recommended during pregnancy. It may also be excreted in breast milk, so its use during breastfeeding should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Rituximab is a valuable medication used in various medical conditions, and it is often administered in healthcare settings by healthcare professionals who are experienced with its use. If you are prescribed rituximab, it’s important to follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations, attend regular check-ups, and report any side effects or concerns during your treatment.

MEDICAL USE:

• Hematological cancers
• Autoimmune diseases